Histological changes in placental rat apoptosis via FasL and cytochrome c by the nano-herbal Zanthoxylum acanthopodium

•The administration of nanoherbal andaliman reduced apoptosis via cytochrome c and FasL.•EVOO reduces apoptosis via cytochrome c and FasL better than andaliman.•Combination Nano herbal andaliman and EVOO reduce reduced apoptosis via cytochrome c and FasL on placental histology of hypertension rats.•Combination Nano herbal andaliman and EVOO reduce MDA levels in hypertension rats.•Nano herbal andaliman and combined with EVOO increase HSP-70 expression in hypertension rats. Zanthoxylum acanthopodium has several biological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. This strong antioxidant herb can be used as a drug for hypertension. FasL and cytochrome c expression play roles in the apoptotic pathway in the placenta. This study focused on the histological change in apoptosis via cytochrome c and Fas ligand expression by investigating whether Zanthoxylum acanthopodium (ZA) fruits affect apoptosis. The present study consisted of five treatments: Normal pregnant rats (C), Hypertension rats (C + ), hypertension rats + extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) (T1), Hypertension rats + ZA (T2), and hypertension rats + EVOO + ZA (T3). Hypertension was induced in rats by injecting 3 mlml of 6% NaCl. Nanoherbal of ZA (100 mg/kg BW) and EVOO (1 ml) were given on the 13th–19th days of pregnancy. Pregnant rats were dissected on the 20th day of pregnancy by cervical dislocation. ELISA assays were performed for the analysis of HSP-70 expression. Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assays were used to analyse the histological changes in placental tissue. The results showed that cytochrome c and FasL protein exposure levels in the labyrinth, basal, and yolk sac zones were increased during hypertensive pregnancy (P