Management of Physeal Fractures: A Review Article

Background Physis is the weakest structure in the skeleton of a child and a frequent site of an injury or fracture. A physeal fracture presents a unique challenge in the management as the sequalae of such an injury could lead to growth disturbances. Methods In this review, mainly focussing on traumatic physeal injuries, the authors discuss the applied anatomy, different fracture patterns, clinical assessment and management of physeal fractures in children. Results Discussion on acute physeal injuries as well as physeal arrest and approach to its management is presented. Past attempts for treatment of physeal injuries and recent advances in their management is also discussed. Conclusion The ideal approach to treat physeal injuries should take into account the location of injury, age of the patient, fracture type and growth potential of the involved physis. Prompt diagnosis and physeal-respecting treatment techniques are important.