An overview of patients with urothelial bladder cancer over the past two decades: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) study

To explore the overall trends of incidence rate (IR), mortality and survival outcomes of patients with urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) over the past two decades. Patients diagnosed with UBC from 1993 to 2012 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) 18 database. Baseline characteristics and treatment types of included patients were collected retrospectively. Moreover, the age-adjusted IRs and annual percent changes (APCs) were obtained. Afterwards, we calculated the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for bladder cancer (BC), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality by comparing UBC cases with the general population. Finally, survival outcomes of UBC patients were analyzed and compared. A total of 220,405 UBC patients were identified, including 167,036 (75.79%) male patients and 53,369 (24.21%) female patients, with an average age of 70.84 years old. Most patients were White (89.85%), with older age (71.67%, >65 years old), lower T stage diseases (78.11%, < T2) and lower median household income (55.37%). When compared with patients diagnosed between 1993 and 2002, those diagnosed between 2003 and 2012 had older age (mean: 71.15 70.16 years old, P