Tualang Honey Improves Memory and Prevents Hippocampal Changes in Prenatally Stressed Rats

This study investigated whether the alterations in memory and hippocampus morphology and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the hippocampus of adult rats after prenatal stress could be prevented by administration of Tualang honey (TH). Twenty-four pregnant rats were randomly grouped into a control group (C), a stress group (S), and a stress group treated with TH. Eight male pups from each group were randomly chosen and they were sacrificed at eight or ten weeks of age following the novel object recognition test. Their brains were removed and histological changes and levels of MDA and NMDA receptors in the hippocampus were determined. The offspring from TH group showed significantly increased preference index (p