Combined chitosan and Cympobogon citratus (D.C. ex Nees) Stapf. essential oil to inhibit the fungal phytopathogen Paramyrothecium roridum and control crater rot in melon (Cucumis melo L.)

This study evaluated the efficacy of combined chitosan (Chi) and Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf. essential oil (CCEO) to inhibit the fungal phytopathogen Paramyrothecium roridum L. Lombard & Crous and control crater rot in melon ( Cucumis melo L.). Effects of several Chi and CCEO concentrations to inhibit the growth of four P. roridum isolates in vitro, as well as the type of interaction of some combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO was evaluated. Effects of coatings with combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO on development of crater rot lesions in melon artificially inoculated with P. roridum during storage (15 days, 25 °C) were measured. Chi (2.5, 3.75, 5, and 6.75 mg/mL) and CCEO (0.3 and 0.6 μL/mL) led to growth inhibition of the four examined P. roridum isolates. Combinations of Chi (5 mg/mL) and CCEO (0.15 and 0.3 μL/mL) had additive interaction to inhibit P. roridum . Coatings with additive combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO decreased the development and severity of carter rot lesions in melon during room storage regardless of the inoculated P. roridum isolate. Therefore, application of coatings formulated with combined concentrations of Chi and CCEO could be alternative strategies to control crater rot caused by P. roridum in melon and decrease synthetic fungicide use in this fruit.