Clinical Outcome and Diverse Risk Factors for Different Therapeutic Target Locations of Peripheral Artery Disease

Aim: Previous studies on peripheral artery disease (PAD) only enrolled patients with atherosclerotic lesion limited to any one of isolated locations (aortoiliac [AI], femoropopliteal [FP], and below the knee [BTK]). However, the interventions for PAD in a real-world clinical setting are often simultaneously performed for several different locations. Methods: We conducted a prospective multicenter study that included 2,230 patients with PAD who received intervention for lower extremity lesions in each area and across different areas. Patients were divided into 7 groups according to the combination of treatment locations. Overall survival (OS), major adverse limb events (MALEs), and risk factors for OS and MALEs were statistically analyzed. Results: After adjustment for confounding factors, the attributable risk for OS was similar among isolated AI, FP, and BTK treatments. MALEs increased in correlation with the number of treatment locations. Dialysis and critical limb ischemia were the common risk factors for OS and MALEs. However, the contribution of other factors such as type of drug usage was different according to treatment locations. Conclusions: In patients with PAD, OS was largely defined by comorbidities but not by lesion location. The background risk factors, underlying comorbidities, and event rates were different according to PAD location, suggesting that stratified treatment should be established for different patient populations.