A HOTAIR regulatory element modulates glioma cell sensitivity to temozolomide through long-range regulation of multiple target genes

Temozolomide (TMZ) is a frequently used chemotherapy for glioma; however, chemoresistance is a major problem limiting its effectiveness. Thus, knowledge of mechanisms underlying this outcome could improve patient prognosis. Here, we report that deletion of a regulatory element in the locus increases glioma cell sensitivity to TMZ and alters transcription of multiple genes. Analysis of a combination of RNA-seq, Capture Hi-C, and patient survival data suggests that and are target genes repressed by the regulatory element and that both function in regulating glioma cell sensitivity to TMZ. Rescue experiments and 3C data confirmed this hypothesis. We propose a new regulatory mechanism governing glioma cell TMZ sensitivity.