Racial and ethnic disparities in neurocognitive, emotional, and quality‐of‐life outcomes in survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study

Background Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of neurocognitive impairment, emotional distress, and poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL); however, the effect of race/ethnicity is understudied. The objective of this study was to identify race/ethnicity‐based disparities in neurocognitiv...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cancer 2019-10, Vol.125 (20), p.3666-3677
Hauptverfasser: Dixon, Stephanie B., Li, Nan, Yasui, Yutaka, Bhatia, Smita, Casillas, Jacqueline N., Gibson, Todd M., Ness, Kirsten K., Porter, Jerlym S., Howell, Rebecca M., Leisenring, Wendy M., Robison, Leslie L., Hudson, Melissa M., Krull, Kevin R., Armstrong, Gregory T.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Background Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of neurocognitive impairment, emotional distress, and poor health‐related quality of life (HRQOL); however, the effect of race/ethnicity is understudied. The objective of this study was to identify race/ethnicity‐based disparities in neurocognitive, emotional, and HRQOL outcomes among survivors of childhood cancer. Methods Self‐reported measures of neurocognitive function, emotional distress (the Brief Symptom Inventory‐18), and HRQOL (the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form‐36 health survey) were compared between minority (Hispanic, n = 821; non‐Hispanic black [NHB], n = 600) and non‐Hispanic white (NHW) (n = 12,287) survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (median age, 30.9 years; range, 16.0‐54.1 years). By using a sample of 3055 siblings, the magnitude of same‐race/same‐ethnicity survivor‐sibling differences was compared between racial/ethnic groups, adjusting for demographic and treatment characteristics and current socioeconomic status (SES). Results No clear pattern of disparity in neurocognitive outcomes by race/ethnicity was observed. The magnitude of the survivor‐sibling difference in the mean score for depression was greater in Hispanics than in NHWs (3.59 vs 1.09; P = .004). NHBs and Hispanics had greater survivor‐sibling differences in HRQOL than NHWs for mental health (NHBs: −5.78 vs −0.69; P = .001; Hispanics: −3.87 vs −0.69; P = .03), and social function (NHBs: −7.11 vs −1.47; P 
ISSN:0008-543X
1097-0142
DOI:10.1002/cncr.32370