Liver microwave ablation: a systematic review of various FDA-approved systems

Objectives The aim of the present study is to analyze preclinical and clinical data on the performance of the currently US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved microwave ablation (MWA) systems. Methods A review of the literature, published between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2016, on seven FDA-approved MWA systems, was conducted. Ratio of ablation zone volume to applied energy R(AZ:E) and sphericity indices were calculated for ex vivo and in vivo experiments. Results Thirty-four studies with ex vivo, in vivo, and clinical data were summarized. In total, 14 studies reporting data on ablation zone volume and applied energy were included for comparison R(AZ:E). A significant correlation between volume and energy was found for the ex vivo experiments ( r = 0.85, p