Coronary circulating mononuclear progenitor cells and soluble biomarkers in the cardiovascular prognosis after coronary angioplasty

Currently, there are no confident prognostic markers in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing angioplasty. The present study aimed to explore whether basal coronary circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells (MPCs) and vascular injury biomarkers were related to development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and may impact clinical prognosis. Methods The number of MPCs and soluble mediators such as IL‐1β, sICAM‐1, MMP‐9, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide were determined in coronary and peripheral circulation. Prognostic ability for MACEs occurring at 6 months follow up was assessed by time‐to‐event and event free survival estimations. Results Lower coronary circulating MPCs subpopulations CD45+CD34+, CD45+CD34+CD133+CD184+, lower MMP‐9 and higher sICAM‐1 significantly associated with MACEs presentation and showed prognostic ability; while peripheral blood increase in malondialdehyde and decreased superoxide dismutase were observed in patients with MACEs. Conclusion Coronary concentration of biomarkers related with vascular repair, such as MPCs subpopulations and adhesion molecules, may predict MACEs and impact prognosis in patients with CAD undergoing angioplasty; whereas peripheral pro‐oxidative condition may be also associated.