Comparative study of effect of Akkermansia muciniphila and its extracellular vesicles on toll-like receptors and tight junction

We assessed effect of and its extracellular vesicles on toll-like receptors and tight junction expression in human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2). The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the intestinal homeostasis through its metabolites and derivatives. Interacting with immune cells and intestinal epithelial pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), intestinal microbiota regulates the function of the digestive barrier and inflammation caused by the metabolic diseases. was cultured on a mucin-containing medium and its EVs was extracted by ultracentrifugation. This bacterium was treated in the MOI=10 and its EVs at the concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 5 µg on Caco-2 cells. After 24 hours, the expression of tight junction and toll-like receptor genes were investigated by quantitative real time PCR method. increased the expression of and . However, EVs at all of the concentrations showed a decrease in expression. EVs at the concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 µg/ml decreased the expression of . significantly increased the expression of . Both this bacterium and EVs increased the expression of in the cell line. Furthermore, this data show that derived EVs have a dose-independent effect on Caco-2 cells. This preliminary research shows and its EVs both may increase the integrity of the intestinal barrier. derived EVs also reduces the inflammation so that EVs of this bacterium can be used as an appropriate target for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases.