Long noncoding RNA expression profile from cryptococcal meningitis patients identifies DPY19L1p1 as a new disease marker

Summary Aims LncRNAs play a vital role in the pathological and physiological process. This study aimed to explore the involvement of lncRNAs in cryptococcal meningitis. Methods Microarray was performed in cryptococcal meningitis patients, and then, GO and KEGG pathways were analyzed. Coexpression relationship between lncRNA and mRNA was explored. The expressions of the lncRNAs and mRNAs, and their changes after treatment were detected by PCR. Results A total of 325 mRNAs (201 upregulated and 124 downregulated) and 497 lncRNAs (263 upregulated and 234 downregulated) were identified. The top three enriched GO terms for the mRNAs were arachidonic acid binding, activin receptor binding, and replication fork protection complex. The top three pathways in KEGG were asthma, one carbon pool by folate, and allograft rejection. A total of 305 coexpression relationships were found between 108 lncRNAs and 87 mRNAs. LncRNA‐DPY19L1p1 was significantly increased in patients and decreased after treatment. ROC analysis revealed DPY19L1p1 was a potential diagnostic marker (AUCROC = 0.9389). Furthermore, the target genes of DPY19L1p1 in cis or trans regulation were mainly involved in immune‐related pathways like the interleukin signaling pathway. Conclusions This study analyzed the differential lncRNA profile in cryptococcal meningitis patients and revealed DPY19L1p1 could be used for treatment evaluation and disease diagnosis.