Clock gene expression is altered in veterans with sleep apnea

Clock gene dysregulation has been shown to underlie various sleep disorders and may lead to negative cardio-metabolic outcomes. However, the association between sleep apnea (SA) and core clock gene expression is unclear. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 49 Veterans enrolled in a study of SA outcomes in veterans with chronic kidney disease, not selected for SA or sleep complaints. All participants underwent full polysomnography and next morning whole blood collection for clock gene expression. We defined SA as an apnea-hypopnea index ≥15 events/h; nocturnal hypoxemia(NH) was defined as ≥10% of total sleep time spent at