Evaluation of the Osteogenic Potential of Different Scaffolds Embedded with Human Stem Cells Originated from Schneiderian Membrane: An In Vitro Study

Background. Novel treatments for bone defects, particularly in patients with poor regenerative capacity, are based on bone tissue engineering strategies which include mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), bioactive factors, and convenient scaffold supports. Objective. In this study, we aimed at comparing the potential for different scaffolds to induce osteogenic differentiation of human maxillary Schneiderian sinus membrane- (hMSSM-) derived cells. Methods. hMSSM-derived cells were seeded on gelatin, collagen, or Hydroxyapatite β-Tricalcium phosphate-Fibrin (Haβ-TCP-Fibrin) scaffolds. Cell viability was determined using an MTT assay. Alizarin red staining method, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis were performed to assess hMSSM-derived cells osteogenic differentiation. Results. Cell viability, calcium deposition, ALP activity, and osteoblastic markers transcription levels were most striking in gelatin scaffold-embedded hMSSM-derived cells. Conclusion. Our findings suggest a promising potential for gelatin-hMSSM-derived cell construct for treating bone defects.