Achyranthes bidentata polypeptide protects dopaminergic neurons from apoptosis induced by rotenone and 6-hydroxydopamine

It has been well documented that Achyranthes bidentata polypeptides (ABPPs) are potent neuroprotective agents in several types of neurons. However, whether ABPPs protect dopaminergic neurons from apoptosis induced by neurotoxins is still unknown. This study was designed to observe the effect of ABPPk, a purified fraction of ABPPs, on apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons. SH-5YHY cells and primary dopaminergic neurons were pre-treated with ABPPk (25, 50, or 100 ng/mL) for 12 hours. Cells were then exposed to 6-hydroxydopamine (50 or 150 μM) or rotenone (50 or 200 μM) for 36 hours to induce cell apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that ABPPk markedly increased viability in SH-SY5Y cells and primary dopaminergic neurons, decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and number of apoptotic dopaminergic neurons, elevated mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio. These findings suggest that ABPPk protects dopaminergic neurons from apoptosis, and that ABPPk treatment might be an effective intervention for treating dopaminergic neuronal loss associated with disorders such as Parkinson's disease.