Difference in independent mobility improvement from admission to discharge between subacute stroke patients using knee-ankle-foot and those using ankle-foot orthoses

[Purpose] To verify differences in independent mobility improvements between people with subacute stroke with knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs) and those with ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) from admission to discharge, and to identify the relationship between mobility improvements and their characteristics. [Participants and Methods] This study included 381 hospitalized patients with subacute stroke who required complete mobility assistance at admission and for whom KAFOs (KAFO group) or AFOs (AFO group) were prescribed after admission. The functional independence measure (FIM) score at admission and discharge, FIM gain, age, Brunnstrom stage (BS) of the paretic lower limb at admission, and the period from admission to prescription for lower limb orthoses were investigated. [Results] Repeated-measures two-way analysis of variance revealed a significant group × time interaction in the walk/wheelchair and stair-climbing items of the FIM. Improvements in the scores in the KAFO group were significantly lower than those in the AFO group. Age, BS, FIM at admission, and period from admission to lower limb orthosis prescription significantly correlated with FIM gain in the walk/wheelchair and stair-climbing items. [Conclusion] A more effective intervention using lower limb orthoses with consideration of the influence of age, motor paralysis, and activities of daily living at admission is required to promote the improvements of people with subacute stroke prescribed KAFOs or AFOs.