The use of PET/CT in pregnancy: A case report of malignant parathyroid carcinoma and a review of the literature

Positron emission tomography scanning is not commonly performed in pregnancy but can be done if required. Fetal doses of radiation can be minimized, and our case exemplifies the safe application of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in pregnancy. A 38-year-old woman in her first ongoing pregnancy presented at 28 weeks’ gestation with symptomatic hypercalcemia. Given a history of parathyroid carcinoma, recurrence was suspected. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging failed to locate the lesion. However, positron emission tomography/computed tomography identified a culprit supraclavicular lymph node. This was excised under local anesthesia resulting in normalization of parathyroid hormone and calcium levels. A term, healthy baby was delivered. The literature provides support that the use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography is acceptable when indicated, and there are modifications to protocols that can further limit risk.