Actomyosin contractility regulators stabilize the cytoplasmic bridge between the two primordial germ cells during Caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis

Stable cytoplasmic bridges arise from failed cytokinesis, the last step of cell division, and a key feature of syncytial architectures in the germline of most metazoans. Whereas the germline is syncytial, its formation remains poorly understood. We found that the germline precursor blastomere, , fails cytokinesis, leaving a stable cytoplasmic bridge between the daughter cells, Z and Z Depletion of several regulators of actomyosin contractility resulted in a regression of the membrane partition between Z and Z , indicating that they required to stabilize the cytoplasmic bridge. Epistatic analysis revealed a pathway in which Rho regulators promote accumulation of the annonical anillin ANI-2 at the stable cytoplasmic bridge, which in turns promotes the accumulation of the uscle myosin II NMY-2 and the midbody component CYK-7 at the bridge, in part by limiting the accumulation of canonical anillin ANI-1. Our results uncover key steps in germline formation and define a set of conserved regulators that enriched at the primordial germ cell cytoplasmic bridge to ensure its stability during embryonic development.