A behavioral and cognitive neuroscience perspective on impulsivity, suicide, and non-suicidal self-injury: Meta-analysis and recommendations for future research

•Meta-analysis of behavioral and cognitive impulsivity in relation to self-injury.•Behavioral impulsivity was associated with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI).•Behavioral and cognitive impulsivity were associated with suicide attempts.•Link with behavioral impulsivity was stronger for past-month than lifetime attempts.•Studies with clinically significant NSSI and longitudinal research are needed. We conducted a meta-analysis of neurobehavioral and neurocognitive indices of impulsivity in relation to suicidal thoughts and behaviors, as well as non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). In our systematic review, 34 studies were identified and submitted to a random-effects meta-analysis. A small pooled effect size was observed for the association between behavioral impulsivity and NSSI (OR=1.34, p