miR-6743-5p , as a direct upstream regulator of GRIM-19, enhances proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in glioma cells

Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality-19 (GRIM-19) has been recognized as a tumor suppressor protein, which regulates cell growth, apoptosis, and migration by signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway and non-STAT3 pathway in glioma cells. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that regulated GRIM-19 expression in glioma cells. By the TargetScan algorithm, four miRNAs, hsa- , hsa- , hsa- , and hsa- , were identified with the potential to bind with 3'-UTR of GRIM-19. Further miRNA inhibitor transfection and luciferase assays revealed that was able to directly target the 3'-UTR of GRIM-19. Additionally, expression was inversely related with GRIM-19 expression in glioma specimens and cell lines. Moreover, the inhibition of caused a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and a marked promotion of cell apoptosis in glioma cells, and this phenotype was rescued by GRIM-19 knockdown. Finally, the inhibition of expression suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3, and the mRNA expression of CyclinD1 and Bcl-2, two target genes of STAT3, while mimic had the inversed effects. Treatment with STAT3 inhibitor AG490 partially rescued the proliferation-promoting and anti-apoptosis effects of overexpression or GRIM-19 knockdown. Collectively, may act as an oncomiRNA in glioma by targetting GRIM-19 and STAT3.