Landscape of long non-coding RNAs in psoriatic and healthy skin

Here, we used RNA-sequencing to study and characterize the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) transcriptome in lesional skin from psoriasis patients before (PP) and after treatment (PT) with adalimumab and in normal skin from healthy individuals (NN). To this end we sequenced total RNA from 18 psoriasis patients and 16 healthy controls. We merged three long non-coding RNA reference data sets to create a single combined reference of 67,157 lncRNA transcripts with no overlaps. We identified differential expression of 971 lncRNAs between PP and NN, 157 between PP and PT, and 377 between PT and NN. Using differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs between PP and NN, we identified a molecular lncRNA signature that distinguishes psoriatic skin from healthy skin. Furthermore, we performed an unsupervised hierarchical analysis that revealed distinct clustering of PP samples from NN. A coding non-coding (CNC) network analysis revealed a large network of highly correlated lncRNA and protein coding transcripts that provided insight into the potential functions of un-annotated lncRNAs. To our knowledge, this is the first study that describes both polyadenylated as well as non-polyadenylated lncRNA transcripts in psoriasis. Our findings highlight the potential importance of lncRNAs in the biology of psoriasis and response to treatment.