Development of Solid Self-Emulsifying Formulation for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of Erlotinib

To improve the solubility and oral bioavailability of erlotinib, a poorly water-soluble anticancer drug, solid self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) was developed using solid inert carriers such as dextran 40 and Aerosil® 200 (colloidal silica). The preliminary solubility of erlotinib in various oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants was determined. Labrafil M2125CS, Labrasol, and Transcutol HP were chosen as the oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, respectively, for preparation of the SEDDS formulations. The ternary phase diagram was evaluated to show the self-emulsifying area. The formulations were optimized using the droplet size and polydispersity index (PDI) of the resultant emulsions. Then, the optimized formulation containing 5% Labrafil M2125CS, 65% Labrasol, and 30% Transcutol was spray dried with dextran or Aerosil® and characterized for surface morphology, crystallinity, and pharmacokinetics in rats. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) exhibited the amorphous form or molecular dispersion of erlotinib in the formulations. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the optimized formulations showed that the maximum concentration ( C max ) and area under the curve (AUC) of erlotinib were significantly increased, compared to erlotinib powder ( p