Heart failure in older adults：embracing complexity

Heart failure （HF）, particularly in the setting of preserved systolic function, disproportionately afflicts older individu- als and results in significant morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. In the United States, among the Medicare population （age 〉 65 years）, HF is among the leading cause of hospital admissions. Optimal care for older adults with HF requires knowledge of age-related physiologic changes, complex multi-organ, multi-dimensional syndromes, interdisciplinary teamwork and palliative/end of life care.