Late Na+ current and protracted electrical recovery are critical determinants of the aging myopathy

The aging myopathy manifests itself with diastolic dysfunction and preserved ejection fraction. We raised the possibility that, in a mouse model of physiological aging, defects in electromechanical properties of cardiomyocytes are important determinants of the diastolic characteristics of the myocardium, independently from changes in structural composition of the muscle and collagen framework. Here we show that an increase in the late Na + current ( I NaL ) in aging cardiomyocytes prolongs the action potential (AP) and influences temporal kinetics of Ca 2+ cycling and contractility. These alterations increase force development and passive tension. Inhibition of I NaL shortens the AP and corrects dynamics of Ca 2+ transient, cell contraction and relaxation. Similarly, repolarization and diastolic tension of the senescent myocardium are partly restored. Thus, I NaL offers inotropic support, but negatively interferes with cellular and ventricular compliance, providing a new perspective of the biology of myocardial aging and the aetiology of the defective cardiac performance in the elderly. The aging myopathy is characterized by diastolic dysfunction of unknown aetiology. Rota et al . show that increased late Na + current ( I NaL ) underlies diastolic dysfunction in the aged heart, and that inhibiting I NaL improves diastolic indices and corrects the kinetics of cardiomyocyte contraction and relaxation in aged mice.