USP7 Acts as a Molecular Rheostat to Promote WASH-Dependent Endosomal Protein Recycling and Is Mutated in a Human Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Endosomal protein recycling is a fundamental cellular process important for cellular homeostasis, signaling, and fate determination that is implicated in several diseases. WASH is an actin-nucleating protein essential for this process, and its activity is controlled through K63-linked ubiquitination...

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Veröffentlicht in:Molecular cell 2015-09, Vol.59 (6), p.956-969
Hauptverfasser: Hao, Yi-Heng, Fountain, Michael D., Fon Tacer, Klementina, Xia, Fan, Bi, Weimin, Kang, Sung-Hae L., Patel, Ankita, Rosenfeld, Jill A., Le Caignec, Cédric, Isidor, Bertrand, Krantz, Ian D., Noon, Sarah E., Pfotenhauer, Jean P., Morgan, Thomas M., Moran, Rocio, Pedersen, Robert C., Saenz, Margarita S., Schaaf, Christian P., Potts, Patrick Ryan
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Endosomal protein recycling is a fundamental cellular process important for cellular homeostasis, signaling, and fate determination that is implicated in several diseases. WASH is an actin-nucleating protein essential for this process, and its activity is controlled through K63-linked ubiquitination by the MAGE-L2-TRIM27 ubiquitin ligase. Here, we show that the USP7 deubiquitinating enzyme is an integral component of the MAGE-L2-TRIM27 ligase and is essential for WASH-mediated endosomal actin assembly and protein recycling. Mechanistically, USP7 acts as a molecular rheostat to precisely fine-tune endosomal F-actin levels by counteracting TRIM27 auto-ubiquitination/degradation and preventing overactivation of WASH through directly deubiquitinating it. Importantly, we identify de novo heterozygous loss-of-function mutations of USP7 in individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder, featuring intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. These results provide unanticipated insights into endosomal trafficking, illuminate the cooperativity between an ubiquitin ligase and a deubiquitinating enzyme, and establish a role for USP7 in human neurodevelopmental disease. [Display omitted] •USP7 is part of the MAGE-L2-TRIM27 ubiquitin ligase and enables endosomal recycling•USP7 protects TRIM27 from auto-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation•USP7 buffers WASH ubiquitination levels to maintain proper endosomal actin levels•Mutation of USP7 causes a human neurodevelopmental syndrome, including autism Hao et al. describe a function of the USP7 deubiquitinating enzyme in regulation of WASH/retromer-mediated endosomal protein recycling. USP7 functions as a molecular rheostat to prevent auto-ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of TRIM27 E3 ubiquitin ligase, but also deubiquitinates WASH. Genetic studies identify cases of USP7 mutation/deletion resulting in a human neurodevelopmental disorder that overlaps with MAGE-L2 mutation.
ISSN:1097-2765
1097-4164
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2015.07.033