The timing of neuronal loss across adolescence in the medial prefrontal cortex of male and female rats

Highlights • Female rats lose neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex between postnatal days 35 and 45. • Males do not lose a significant number of neurons from preadolescence to adulthood. • There were no changes in glial cell number in males or females from preadolescence to adulthood. • Males and females gained white matter under the frontal cortex during this time.