Detection of bacteriuria among human immunodeficiency virus seropositive individuals in Osogbo, south-western Nigeria

Human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals are at increased risk of both asymptomatic and symptomatic urinary tract infections. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in HIV-positive individuals, its associated factors including any correlation with the CD4 count of the patient, and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolated organisms. Midstream urine and blood samples were collected from 242 consenting HIV-positive patients who were attending routine follow-up clinic during the six-month period of the study. Microscopy, culture, and antibiotic susceptibility testing of the samples were carried out following standard protocols, and CD4 counts were also determined. Fifty one (21.1%) of the 242 individuals had significant bacteriuria. The predominant organism was Klebsiella spp. (35%) followed by Escherichia coli (31%). Prevalence of bacteriuria was higher in the women. Low CD4 counts and young age were significantly associated with the presence of bacteriuria. ASB prevalence is high in this population and related to the CD4 count level.