Prediction as a humanitarian and pragmatic contribution from human cognitive neuroscience

Neuroimaging has greatly enhanced the cognitive neuroscience understanding of the human brain and its variation across individuals (neurodiversity) in both health and disease. Such progress has not yet, however, propelled changes in educational or medical practices that improve people's lives....

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Veröffentlicht in:Neuron (Cambridge, Mass.) Mass.), 2015-01, Vol.85 (1), p.11-26
Hauptverfasser: Gabrieli, John D E, Ghosh, Satrajit S, Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan
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container_title Neuron (Cambridge, Mass.)
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creator Gabrieli, John D E
Ghosh, Satrajit S
Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan
description Neuroimaging has greatly enhanced the cognitive neuroscience understanding of the human brain and its variation across individuals (neurodiversity) in both health and disease. Such progress has not yet, however, propelled changes in educational or medical practices that improve people's lives. We review neuroimaging findings in which initial brain measures (neuromarkers) are correlated with or predict future education, learning, and performance in children and adults; criminality; health-related behaviors; and responses to pharmacological or behavioral treatments. Neuromarkers often provide better predictions (neuroprognosis), alone or in combination with other measures, than traditional behavioral measures. With further advances in study designs and analyses, neuromarkers may offer opportunities to personalize educational and clinical practices that lead to better outcomes for people.
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source MEDLINE; Cell Press Free Archives; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals
subjects Adult
Autism
Behavior disorders
Brain - anatomy & histology
Brain - physiology
Brain research
Child
Children
Clinical decision making
Cognitive ability
Cognitive Science
Crime
Criminality
Decision making
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Discriminant analysis
Educational Status
Electroencephalography
Functional Neuroimaging
Health Behavior
Humans
Learning
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetoencephalography
Medical imaging
Nervous system
Neurodiversity
Neuroimaging
Neurosciences
Organ Size
Patients
Prognosis
Reading comprehension
title Prediction as a humanitarian and pragmatic contribution from human cognitive neuroscience
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