Primary non-hyperlipidemia xanthoma of bone: a case report with review of the literature

Primary xanthoma of bone is very rare. And its clinical, pathological and radiological presentation is different from other position. It is generally known that xanthoma of bone are usually are associated with lipid disorders. Non-hyperlipidemia xanthoma of bone are exceedingly unusual. In this report, we describe a rare case of primary bone xanthoma without hyperlipidemia and reviews the literature on primary bone xanthomas, focusing on those without hyperlipidemia. The difference of age between non-hyperlipidemia xanthoma of bone and other xanthoma of bone did not existed. But male patients outnumber female in non-hyperlipidemia xanthoma of bone. It often involve the irregular flat bones than the long bones. Inflammatory cells, cholesterol clefts and hemosiderin are rare compared with xanthoma with lipid disorders. At the same time, imaging manifestations is not steady, except for osteolytic sign. So the diagnosis usually depend on a pathological biopsy. Therefore we suggested that non-hyperlipidemia xanthoma of bone was a kind of independent disease. It should be belong to bone tumors of undefined neoplastic nature. Its etiology need more data collection and further analysis.