Decline in childhood iron deficiency after interruption of malaria transmission in highland Kenya123

Background: Achieving optimal iron status in children in malaria-endemic areas may increase the risk of malaria. Malaria itself may contribute to iron deficiency, but the impact of an interruption in malaria transmission on the prevalence of iron deficiency is unknown. Objectives: We aimed to determ...

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Veröffentlicht in:The American journal of clinical nutrition 2014-07, Vol.100 (3), p.968-973
Hauptverfasser: Frosch, Anne EP, Ondigo, Bartholomew N, Ayodo, George A, Vulule, John M, John, Chandy C, Cusick, Sarah E
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Background: Achieving optimal iron status in children in malaria-endemic areas may increase the risk of malaria. Malaria itself may contribute to iron deficiency, but the impact of an interruption in malaria transmission on the prevalence of iron deficiency is unknown. Objectives: We aimed to determine whether 1 ) iron status improved in children living in 2 Kenyan villages with a documented cessation in malaria transmission and 2 ) changes in iron status correlated with changes in hemoglobin. Design: We measured iron [hemoglobin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR)] and inflammatory [C-reactive protein (CRP)] markers in paired plasma samples from 190 children aged 4–59 mo at the beginning (May 2007) and end (July 2008) of a documented 12-mo period of interruption in malaria transmission in 2 highland areas in Kenya with unstable malaria transmission and ongoing malaria surveillance. Results: Between May 2007 and July 2008, mean (±SD) hemoglobin increased from 10.8 ± 1.6 to 11.6 ± 1.6 g/dL. Median (25th, 75th percentile) ferritin increased from 17.0 (9.7, 25.6) to 22.6 (13.4, 34.7) μg/L ( P < 0.001), whereas median sTfR decreased from 32.4 (26.3, 43.2) to 27.7 (22.1, 36.0) nmol/L ( P < 0.001). Median CRP was low (
ISSN:0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI:10.3945/ajcn.114.087114