Alcohol-induced hypertension: Mechanism and prevention
Epidemiological, preclinical and clinical studies es-tablished the association between high alcohol con-sumption and hypertension. However the mechanism through which alcohol raises blood pressure remains elusive. Several possible mechanisms have been pro-posed such as an imbalance of the central ne...
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Veröffentlicht in: | World journal of cardiology 2014-05, Vol.6 (5), p.245-252 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Epidemiological, preclinical and clinical studies es-tablished the association between high alcohol con-sumption and hypertension. However the mechanism through which alcohol raises blood pressure remains elusive. Several possible mechanisms have been pro-posed such as an imbalance of the central nervous system, impairment of the baroreceptors, enhanced sympathetic activity, stimulation of the renin-angio-tensin-aldosterone system, increased cortisol levels, increased vascular reactivity due to increase in intracel-lular calcium levels, stimulation of the endothelium to release vasoconstrictors and loss of relaxation due to inflammation and oxidative injury of the endothelium leading to inhibition of endothelium-dependent nitric oxide production. Loss of relaxation due to inflamma-tion and oxidative injury of the endothelium by angio-tensin II leading to inhibition of endothelium-dependent nitric oxide production is the major contributors of the alcohol-induced hypertension. For the prevention of alcohol-induced hypertension is to reduce the amount of alcohol intake. Physical conditioning/exercise trainingis one of the most important strategies to prevent/treat chronic alcohol-induced hypertension on physiological basis. The efficacious pharmacologic treatment includes the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor blockers(ARBs) which have antioxidant activity and calcium channel blockers. The most effective prevention and treatment of alcohol-induced hypertension is physical exercise and the use of ACE inhibitors or ARBs in the clinic |
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ISSN: | 1949-8462 1949-8462 |
DOI: | 10.4330/wjc.v6.i5.245 |