Late-Life Factors Associated with Healthy Aging in Older Men

Objectives To identify potentially modifiable late‐life biological, lifestyle, and sociodemographic factors associated with overall and healthy survival to age 85. Design Prospective longitudinal cohort study with 21 years of follow‐up (1991–2012). Setting Hawaii Lifespan Study. Participants American men of Japanese ancestry (mean age 75.7, range 71–82) without baseline major clinical morbidity and functional impairments (N = 1,292). Measurements Overall survival and healthy survival (free from six major chronic diseases and without physical or cognitive impairment) to age 85. Factors were measured at late‐life baseline examinations (1991–1993). Results Of 1,292 participants, 1,000 (77%) survived to 85 (34% healthy) and 309 (24%) to 95 (