Diabetes mellitus and risk of all-cause mortality among patients with tuberculosis in the state of Georgia, 2009–2012

Abstract Purpose To estimate the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and all-cause mortality during tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Methods From 2009 to 2012, a retrospective cohort study among reported TB cases in Georgia was conducted. Patients aged 16 years or older were classified by DM and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status at the time of TB diagnosis and followed during TB treatment to assess mortality. Hazard ratios were used to estimate the association between DM and death. Results Among 1325 patients with TB disease, 151 (11.4%) had DM, 147 (11.1%) were HIV-infected, and seven (0.5%) had both DM and HIV. Patients with TB-DM were more likely to have cavitary lung disease compared with those with TB alone (51.0% vs. 34.7%) and those with TB-HIV were more likely to have military/disseminated disease (12.9% vs. 3.4%) and resistance to rifampin or isoniazid (21.8% vs. 9.0%) compared with those without HIV infection ( P