On the use of "effective dose" (E) in medical exposures

[...] due care needs to be taken for accepting any conclusion on risk based on E. ICRP clarified that the main and primary uses of E are: (1) prospectively for planning and optimization of occupational and public exposures and (2) retrospectively for demonstrating compliance with dose limits for regulatory purposes in radiological protection; not for the estimation of risk. [5] The best could be to take the individual cases with all the parameters applicable to an individual as close as possible, but this seems too complicated. [...] these are under discussion, evolution, and evaluation, it is important that in medical applications, use of E is limited to optimization and justification and the estimation of risk using E should be avoided.