Rapid SIV Env-specific mucosal and serum antibody induction augments cellular immunity in protecting immunized, elite-controller macaques against high dose heterologous SIV challenge
Abstract Three Indian rhesus macaques, Ad-SIV primed/protein boosted and exposed twice to high-dose mucosal SIVmac251 challenges, exhibited elite control of viremia over 6.5 years. They were negative for host factors associated with control of SIV infection. After a third intrarectal challenge with...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2011-03, Vol.411 (1), p.87-102 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Abstract Three Indian rhesus macaques, Ad-SIV primed/protein boosted and exposed twice to high-dose mucosal SIVmac251 challenges, exhibited elite control of viremia over 6.5 years. They were negative for host factors associated with control of SIV infection. After a third intrarectal challenge with SIVsmE660 , all controlled viremia, with one (macaque #5) maintaining undetectable viremia in blood. Acquisition was not blocked, but virus was contained in the jejunum and draining lymph nodes. Polyfunctional memory T cell responses and high-titered neutralizing and non-neutralizing serum and mucosal antibodies were present before and maintained post-challenge. The level of protection seen for animal #5 was predicted from analyses of gene transcription in jejunum 2 weeks post-challenge. Macaques #7 and #9, exhibiting lower pre-challenge cellular and humoral immunity, partially controlled the SIVsmE660 challenge. Initial vaccine-induced control by macaque #5 extended to the SIVsmE660 challenge due to multiple immune mechanisms that were boosted and augmented by cryptic SIV exposure. |
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ISSN: | 0042-6822 1096-0341 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.virol.2010.12.033 |