Salmonella typhi and Plasmodium falciparum co-infection in a 12-year old girl with haemoglobin E trait from a non-malarious area in Bangladesh

A 12-year old girl from Uttar Badda, Dhaka, Bangladesh, was admitted to the Dhaka Hospital of ICDDR,B, with a 23-day history of fever and diarrhoea. After admission, she was treated for culture-proven Salmonella typhi -associated infection and was discovered to be heterozygous for haemoglobin E. Despite treat-ment with appropriate antibiotics, the patient′s condition did not improve, prompting further investiga-tion, which revealed malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum . Dhaka is considered a malaria-free zone, and the patient denied recent travel outside Dhaka. Subsequently, the patient recovered fully on antimalarial therapy.