Free-flow oxygen delivery using a T-piece resuscitator

T-pieces are increasingly used for administering intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) during neonatal resuscitation. 1 They can also be used to provide free-flowing oxygen to babies who are breathing but remain cyanosed. 2 The Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP) guidelines recommend that when using a T-piece resuscitator the mask should be loosely placed on the infant's face with the positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) valve occluded to allow delivery of a reliable amount of oxygen. 2 There are no reports documenting the percentage of oxygen delivered when the PEEP valve is, or is not, occluded.