The epidemiology of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in Uganda
As part of a larger investigation of cancer in Uganda, we conducted a case–control study of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in adults presenting at hospitals in Kampala. Participants were interviewed about social and lifestyle factors and had blood tested for antibodies to HIV, KSHV and HPV-16,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | British journal of cancer 2002-07, Vol.87 (3), p.301-308 |
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| creator | Newton, R Ziegler, J Ateenyi-Agaba, C Bousarghin, L Casabonne, D Beral, V Mbidde, E Carpenter, L Reeves, G Parkin, D M Wabinga, H Mbulaiteye, S Jaffe, H Bourboulia, D Boshoff, C Touzé, A Coursaget, P |
| description | As part of a larger investigation of cancer in Uganda, we conducted a case–control study of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in adults presenting at hospitals in Kampala. Participants were interviewed about social and lifestyle factors and had blood tested for antibodies to HIV, KSHV and HPV-16, -18 and -45. The odds of each factor among 60 people with conjunctival cancer was compared to that among 1214 controls with other cancer sites or types, using odds ratios, estimated with unconditional logistic regression. Conjunctival cancer was associated with HIV infection (OR 10.1, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 5.2–19.4;
P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600451 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_2364227</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>71989211</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c562t-c4ef98a5ea6cdbfc835e1170f36f140d1b0846c902ec7f03c25e8ccfadaf63db3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9kc1v1DAQxS1ERZfClSOKkIBTtv5I_HGpBBVQpEpc2rPlTOyto8Te2ptK_e_xaiMWkNrTyJqf38ybh9A7gtcEM3meh3U3wJpzjJuWvEAr0jJaE0nFS7TCGIsaK4pP0euch_JUWIpX6JRQIoRQaoW-3tzZym59bycfx7h5rKKrIIZhDrDzD2as8v1spjjnCuw4VmAS-BAnU_lQ3W5M6M0bdOLMmO3bpZ6h2-_fbi6v6utfP35efrmuoeV0V0NjnZKmtYZD3zmQrLWECOwYd6TBPemwbDgoTC0IhxnQ1koAZ3rjOOs7doYuDrrbuZtsDzbskhn1NvnJpEcdjdf_doK_05v4oCnjDaWiCHxeBFK8n23e6cnnvSsTbDGopeCUSklpIT89SwqipKKEFPDDf-AQ5xTKGTSlSnEpGlag9QGCFHNO1v3ZmWC9T1HnQZcU9ZJi-fD-b6dHfImtAB8XwGQwo0smgM9HjpXjErYXOj9wubTCxqbjek-M_g269bcV</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>229968743</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>The epidemiology of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in Uganda</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>SpringerLink Journals</source><source>Nature Journals Online</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Newton, R ; Ziegler, J ; Ateenyi-Agaba, C ; Bousarghin, L ; Casabonne, D ; Beral, V ; Mbidde, E ; Carpenter, L ; Reeves, G ; Parkin, D M ; Wabinga, H ; Mbulaiteye, S ; Jaffe, H ; Bourboulia, D ; Boshoff, C ; Touzé, A ; Coursaget, P</creator><creatorcontrib>Newton, R ; Ziegler, J ; Ateenyi-Agaba, C ; Bousarghin, L ; Casabonne, D ; Beral, V ; Mbidde, E ; Carpenter, L ; Reeves, G ; Parkin, D M ; Wabinga, H ; Mbulaiteye, S ; Jaffe, H ; Bourboulia, D ; Boshoff, C ; Touzé, A ; Coursaget, P ; Uganda Kaposi's Sarcoma Study Group</creatorcontrib><description>As part of a larger investigation of cancer in Uganda, we conducted a case–control study of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in adults presenting at hospitals in Kampala. Participants were interviewed about social and lifestyle factors and had blood tested for antibodies to HIV, KSHV and HPV-16, -18 and -45. The odds of each factor among 60 people with conjunctival cancer was compared to that among 1214 controls with other cancer sites or types, using odds ratios, estimated with unconditional logistic regression. Conjunctival cancer was associated with HIV infection (OR 10.1, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 5.2–19.4;
P
<0.001), and was less common in those with a higher personal income (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–1.2;
P
<0.001). The risk of conjunctival cancer increased with increasing time spent in cultivation and therefore in direct sunlight (χ
2
trend=3.9,
P
=0.05), but decreased with decreasing age at leaving home (χ
2
trend=3.9,
P
=0.05), perhaps reflecting less exposure to sunlight consequent to working in towns, although both results were of borderline statistical significance. To reduce confounding, sexual and reproductive variables were examined among HIV seropositive individuals only. Cases were more likely than controls to report that they had given or received gifts for sex (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.2–10.4;
P
=0.03), but this may have been a chance finding as no other sexual or reproductive variable was associated with conjunctival cancer, including the number of self-reported lifetime sexual partners (
P
=0.4). The seroprevalence of antibodies against HPV-18 and -45 was too low to make reliable conclusions. The presence of anti-HPV-16 antibodies was not significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.5–4.3;
P
=0.5) and nor were anti-KSHV antibodies (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4–2.1;
P
=0.8). The 10-fold increased risk of conjunctival cancer in HIV infected individuals is similar to results from other studies. The role of other oncogenic viral infections is unclear.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-0920</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-1827</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600451</identifier><identifier>PMID: 12177799</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJCAAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Viral - analysis ; Biological and medical sciences ; Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Biomedicine ; Cancer Research ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - etiology ; Conjunctival Neoplasms - epidemiology ; Conjunctival Neoplasms - etiology ; Drug Resistance ; Epidemiology ; Female ; Herpes viruses ; Herpesvirus 8, Human - immunology ; HIV ; HIV Infections - complications ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Human papillomavirus ; Humans ; Infections ; Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ; Kaposis sarcoma ; Male ; Medical research ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Medicine ; Oncology ; Ophthalmology ; Papillomaviridae - immunology ; Risk Factors ; Sunlight - adverse effects ; Tropical medicine ; Tumors ; Tumors and pseudotumors of the eye, orbit, eyelid, lacrimal apparatus ; Uganda - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>British journal of cancer, 2002-07, Vol.87 (3), p.301-308</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2002</rights><rights>2002 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright 2002 Cancer Research UK</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group Jul 29, 2002</rights><rights>Copyright © 2002 Cancer Research UK 2002 Cancer Research UK</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c562t-c4ef98a5ea6cdbfc835e1170f36f140d1b0846c902ec7f03c25e8ccfadaf63db3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c562t-c4ef98a5ea6cdbfc835e1170f36f140d1b0846c902ec7f03c25e8ccfadaf63db3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2364227/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2364227/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=13835131$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12177799$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Newton, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ziegler, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ateenyi-Agaba, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bousarghin, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casabonne, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beral, V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mbidde, E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carpenter, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reeves, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parkin, D M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wabinga, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mbulaiteye, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaffe, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bourboulia, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boshoff, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Touzé, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coursaget, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uganda Kaposi's Sarcoma Study Group</creatorcontrib><title>The epidemiology of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in Uganda</title><title>British journal of cancer</title><addtitle>Br J Cancer</addtitle><addtitle>Br J Cancer</addtitle><description>As part of a larger investigation of cancer in Uganda, we conducted a case–control study of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in adults presenting at hospitals in Kampala. Participants were interviewed about social and lifestyle factors and had blood tested for antibodies to HIV, KSHV and HPV-16, -18 and -45. The odds of each factor among 60 people with conjunctival cancer was compared to that among 1214 controls with other cancer sites or types, using odds ratios, estimated with unconditional logistic regression. Conjunctival cancer was associated with HIV infection (OR 10.1, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 5.2–19.4;
P
<0.001), and was less common in those with a higher personal income (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–1.2;
P
<0.001). The risk of conjunctival cancer increased with increasing time spent in cultivation and therefore in direct sunlight (χ
2
trend=3.9,
P
=0.05), but decreased with decreasing age at leaving home (χ
2
trend=3.9,
P
=0.05), perhaps reflecting less exposure to sunlight consequent to working in towns, although both results were of borderline statistical significance. To reduce confounding, sexual and reproductive variables were examined among HIV seropositive individuals only. Cases were more likely than controls to report that they had given or received gifts for sex (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.2–10.4;
P
=0.03), but this may have been a chance finding as no other sexual or reproductive variable was associated with conjunctival cancer, including the number of self-reported lifetime sexual partners (
P
=0.4). The seroprevalence of antibodies against HPV-18 and -45 was too low to make reliable conclusions. The presence of anti-HPV-16 antibodies was not significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.5–4.3;
P
=0.5) and nor were anti-KSHV antibodies (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4–2.1;
P
=0.8). The 10-fold increased risk of conjunctival cancer in HIV infected individuals is similar to results from other studies. The role of other oncogenic viral infections is unclear.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Antibodies, Viral - analysis</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Biomedicine</subject><subject>Cancer Research</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - etiology</subject><subject>Conjunctival Neoplasms - epidemiology</subject><subject>Conjunctival Neoplasms - etiology</subject><subject>Drug Resistance</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Herpes viruses</subject><subject>Herpesvirus 8, Human - immunology</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV Infections - complications</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Human papillomavirus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus</subject><subject>Kaposis sarcoma</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Molecular Medicine</subject><subject>Oncology</subject><subject>Ophthalmology</subject><subject>Papillomaviridae - immunology</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sunlight - adverse effects</subject><subject>Tropical medicine</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Tumors and pseudotumors of the eye, orbit, eyelid, lacrimal apparatus</subject><subject>Uganda - epidemiology</subject><issn>0007-0920</issn><issn>1532-1827</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2002</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>C6C</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc1v1DAQxS1ERZfClSOKkIBTtv5I_HGpBBVQpEpc2rPlTOyto8Te2ptK_e_xaiMWkNrTyJqf38ybh9A7gtcEM3meh3U3wJpzjJuWvEAr0jJaE0nFS7TCGIsaK4pP0euch_JUWIpX6JRQIoRQaoW-3tzZym59bycfx7h5rKKrIIZhDrDzD2as8v1spjjnCuw4VmAS-BAnU_lQ3W5M6M0bdOLMmO3bpZ6h2-_fbi6v6utfP35efrmuoeV0V0NjnZKmtYZD3zmQrLWECOwYd6TBPemwbDgoTC0IhxnQ1koAZ3rjOOs7doYuDrrbuZtsDzbskhn1NvnJpEcdjdf_doK_05v4oCnjDaWiCHxeBFK8n23e6cnnvSsTbDGopeCUSklpIT89SwqipKKEFPDDf-AQ5xTKGTSlSnEpGlag9QGCFHNO1v3ZmWC9T1HnQZcU9ZJi-fD-b6dHfImtAB8XwGQwo0smgM9HjpXjErYXOj9wubTCxqbjek-M_g269bcV</recordid><startdate>20020729</startdate><enddate>20020729</enddate><creator>Newton, R</creator><creator>Ziegler, J</creator><creator>Ateenyi-Agaba, C</creator><creator>Bousarghin, L</creator><creator>Casabonne, D</creator><creator>Beral, V</creator><creator>Mbidde, E</creator><creator>Carpenter, L</creator><creator>Reeves, G</creator><creator>Parkin, D M</creator><creator>Wabinga, H</creator><creator>Mbulaiteye, S</creator><creator>Jaffe, H</creator><creator>Bourboulia, D</creator><creator>Boshoff, C</creator><creator>Touzé, A</creator><creator>Coursaget, P</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AN0</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>5PM</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20020729</creationdate><title>The epidemiology of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in Uganda</title><author>Newton, R ; Ziegler, J ; Ateenyi-Agaba, C ; Bousarghin, L ; Casabonne, D ; Beral, V ; Mbidde, E ; Carpenter, L ; Reeves, G ; Parkin, D M ; Wabinga, H ; Mbulaiteye, S ; Jaffe, H ; Bourboulia, D ; Boshoff, C ; Touzé, A ; Coursaget, P</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c562t-c4ef98a5ea6cdbfc835e1170f36f140d1b0846c902ec7f03c25e8ccfadaf63db3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2002</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Antibodies, Viral - analysis</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Biomedicine</topic><topic>Cancer Research</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - etiology</topic><topic>Conjunctival Neoplasms - epidemiology</topic><topic>Conjunctival Neoplasms - etiology</topic><topic>Drug Resistance</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Herpes viruses</topic><topic>Herpesvirus 8, Human - immunology</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>HIV Infections - complications</topic><topic>Human immunodeficiency virus</topic><topic>Human papillomavirus</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infections</topic><topic>Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus</topic><topic>Kaposis sarcoma</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Molecular Medicine</topic><topic>Oncology</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Papillomaviridae - immunology</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Sunlight - adverse effects</topic><topic>Tropical medicine</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Tumors and pseudotumors of the eye, orbit, eyelid, lacrimal apparatus</topic><topic>Uganda - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Newton, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ziegler, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ateenyi-Agaba, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bousarghin, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casabonne, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Beral, V</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mbidde, E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carpenter, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reeves, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parkin, D M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wabinga, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mbulaiteye, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jaffe, H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bourboulia, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boshoff, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Touzé, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Coursaget, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Uganda Kaposi's Sarcoma Study Group</creatorcontrib><collection>Springer Nature OA Free Journals</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>British Nursing Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>British journal of cancer</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Newton, R</au><au>Ziegler, J</au><au>Ateenyi-Agaba, C</au><au>Bousarghin, L</au><au>Casabonne, D</au><au>Beral, V</au><au>Mbidde, E</au><au>Carpenter, L</au><au>Reeves, G</au><au>Parkin, D M</au><au>Wabinga, H</au><au>Mbulaiteye, S</au><au>Jaffe, H</au><au>Bourboulia, D</au><au>Boshoff, C</au><au>Touzé, A</au><au>Coursaget, P</au><aucorp>Uganda Kaposi's Sarcoma Study Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The epidemiology of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in Uganda</atitle><jtitle>British journal of cancer</jtitle><stitle>Br J Cancer</stitle><addtitle>Br J Cancer</addtitle><date>2002-07-29</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>87</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>301</spage><epage>308</epage><pages>301-308</pages><issn>0007-0920</issn><eissn>1532-1827</eissn><coden>BJCAAI</coden><abstract>As part of a larger investigation of cancer in Uganda, we conducted a case–control study of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in adults presenting at hospitals in Kampala. Participants were interviewed about social and lifestyle factors and had blood tested for antibodies to HIV, KSHV and HPV-16, -18 and -45. The odds of each factor among 60 people with conjunctival cancer was compared to that among 1214 controls with other cancer sites or types, using odds ratios, estimated with unconditional logistic regression. Conjunctival cancer was associated with HIV infection (OR 10.1, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 5.2–19.4;
P
<0.001), and was less common in those with a higher personal income (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–1.2;
P
<0.001). The risk of conjunctival cancer increased with increasing time spent in cultivation and therefore in direct sunlight (χ
2
trend=3.9,
P
=0.05), but decreased with decreasing age at leaving home (χ
2
trend=3.9,
P
=0.05), perhaps reflecting less exposure to sunlight consequent to working in towns, although both results were of borderline statistical significance. To reduce confounding, sexual and reproductive variables were examined among HIV seropositive individuals only. Cases were more likely than controls to report that they had given or received gifts for sex (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.2–10.4;
P
=0.03), but this may have been a chance finding as no other sexual or reproductive variable was associated with conjunctival cancer, including the number of self-reported lifetime sexual partners (
P
=0.4). The seroprevalence of antibodies against HPV-18 and -45 was too low to make reliable conclusions. The presence of anti-HPV-16 antibodies was not significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.5–4.3;
P
=0.5) and nor were anti-KSHV antibodies (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4–2.1;
P
=0.8). The 10-fold increased risk of conjunctival cancer in HIV infected individuals is similar to results from other studies. The role of other oncogenic viral infections is unclear.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>12177799</pmid><doi>10.1038/sj.bjc.6600451</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0007-0920 |
| ispartof | British journal of cancer, 2002-07, Vol.87 (3), p.301-308 |
| issn | 0007-0920 1532-1827 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_2364227 |
| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals; Nature Journals Online; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Aged Antibodies Antibodies, Viral - analysis Biological and medical sciences Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Cancer Research Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - etiology Conjunctival Neoplasms - epidemiology Conjunctival Neoplasms - etiology Drug Resistance Epidemiology Female Herpes viruses Herpesvirus 8, Human - immunology HIV HIV Infections - complications Human immunodeficiency virus Human papillomavirus Humans Infections Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus Kaposis sarcoma Male Medical research Medical sciences Middle Aged Molecular Medicine Oncology Ophthalmology Papillomaviridae - immunology Risk Factors Sunlight - adverse effects Tropical medicine Tumors Tumors and pseudotumors of the eye, orbit, eyelid, lacrimal apparatus Uganda - epidemiology |
| title | The epidemiology of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma in Uganda |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-08T21%3A34%3A36IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The%20epidemiology%20of%20conjunctival%20squamous%20cell%20carcinoma%20in%20Uganda&rft.jtitle=British%20journal%20of%20cancer&rft.au=Newton,%20R&rft.aucorp=Uganda%20Kaposi's%20Sarcoma%20Study%20Group&rft.date=2002-07-29&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=301&rft.epage=308&rft.pages=301-308&rft.issn=0007-0920&rft.eissn=1532-1827&rft.coden=BJCAAI&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038/sj.bjc.6600451&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E71989211%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=229968743&rft_id=info:pmid/12177799&rfr_iscdi=true |