Normal and SV40 transfected human peritoneal mesothelial cells produce IL‐6 and IL‐8 :  implication for gynaecological disease

SUMMARY High levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) have been demonstrated in the peritoneal fluid of benign and malignant gynaecological disease. Peritoneal monocytes and macrophages, endometrial cells, endometrial and peritoneal stromal cells and tumour cells produce these cytokines in vitro. To investigate whether normal human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) produce IL‐6 and IL‐8, HPMC were isolated from omental biopsies. Primary HPMC (P‐HPMC) were transfected with pSV3‐neo encoding SV40 large T antigen (T‐HPMC) to generate sufficient cells. T‐HPMC preserved the characteristics of P‐HPMC as assessed by phase contrast microscopy, electron microscopy, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry (FACS) analysis. T‐HPMC retained a stable phenotype up to passage 14–19, whereas P‐HPMC proliferated poorly and became senescent by passage 4–6. T‐HPMC and P‐HPMC constitutively expressed IL‐6 and IL‐8 at both protein and mRNA level. IL‐6 and IL‐8 production was stimulated by recombinant human interleukin‐1β (hIL‐1β) or human tumour necrosis factor‐α (hTNF‐α) alone in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, hIL‐1β or hTNF‐α up‐regulated IL‐6 and IL‐8 gene expression as determined by competitive PCR. In contrast, human interferon‐γ (hIFN‐γ) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed no effect. These data indicate that (1) T‐HPMC lines mimic the morphological and functional features of P‐HPMC, (2) P‐HPMC and T‐HPMC constituitively produce IL‐6 and IL‐8, which is enhanced by hIL‐1β and hTNF‐α and (3) HPMC in vivo may participate in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant gynaecological disease.