Pulmonary artery aneurysm and tuberous sclerosis

Pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs) are rare; documented aetiologies include infection and structural, cardiac and vascular abnormalities including vasculitis, in particular Bechet's, pulmonary hypertension, and trauma. Haemangiomas of small blood vessels are relatively common, but aneurysms of medium and large vessels, although rare, have been reported including 10 thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms 1 and a similar number of intracranial aneurysms originating from the internal, anterior, and middle carotid arteries. 2 Brachial and axillary artery aneurysms are also recognised but are usually asymptomatic. 3 This case represents the first reported PAA seen in connection with TS and is due to the dysplastic nature of the disease.