New recipes for in-stent restenosis: cut, grate, roast, or sandwich the neointima?

First of all, radiation does not instantaneously melt down the neointima that has already accumulated, which is mainly formed by acellular matrix, and effective lumen patency must be restored before radiation treatment. [...]as this is a treatment with long term biological implications that are still to be defined (late vessel shrinkage, carcinogenesis), it is unlikely to be applied routinely for restenosis prevention and treatment.