Epidemiology and aetiological diagnosis of corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India
AIMS/BACKGROUND To determine the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors predisposing to corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India, and to identify the specific pathogenic organisms responsible for infection. METHODS All patients with suspected infectious central corneal ulceration present...
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Veröffentlicht in: | British journal of ophthalmology 1997-11, Vol.81 (11), p.965-971 |
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description | AIMS/BACKGROUND To determine the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors predisposing to corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India, and to identify the specific pathogenic organisms responsible for infection. METHODS All patients with suspected infectious central corneal ulceration presenting to the ocular microbiology and cornea service at Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, from 1 January to 31 March 1994 were evaluated. Sociodemographic data and information pertaining to risk factors were recorded, all patients were examined, and corneal cultures and scrapings were performed. RESULTS In the 3 month period 434 patients with central corneal ulceration were evaluated. A history of previous corneal injury was present in 284 patients (65.4%). Cornea cultures were positive in 297 patients (68.4%). Of those individuals with positive cultures 140 (47.1%) had pure bacterial infections, 139 (46.8%) had pure fungal infections, 15 (5.1%) had mixed bacteria and fungi, and three (1.0%) grew pure cultures ofAcanthamoeba. The most common bacterial pathogen isolated was Streptococcus pneumoniae, representing 44.3% of all positive bacterial cultures, followed by Pseudomonas spp (14.4%). The most common fungal pathogen isolated was Fusariumspp, representing 47.1% of all positive fungal cultures, followed by Aspergillus spp (16.1%). CONCLUSIONS Central corneal ulceration is a common problem in south India and most often occurs after a superficial corneal injury with organic material. Bacterial and fungal infections occur in equal numbers with Streptococcus pneumoniaeaccounting for the majority of bacterial ulcers and Fusariumspp responsible for most of the fungal infections. These findings have important public health implications for the treatment and prevention of corneal ulceration in the developing world. |
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METHODS All patients with suspected infectious central corneal ulceration presenting to the ocular microbiology and cornea service at Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, from 1 January to 31 March 1994 were evaluated. Sociodemographic data and information pertaining to risk factors were recorded, all patients were examined, and corneal cultures and scrapings were performed. RESULTS In the 3 month period 434 patients with central corneal ulceration were evaluated. A history of previous corneal injury was present in 284 patients (65.4%). Cornea cultures were positive in 297 patients (68.4%). Of those individuals with positive cultures 140 (47.1%) had pure bacterial infections, 139 (46.8%) had pure fungal infections, 15 (5.1%) had mixed bacteria and fungi, and three (1.0%) grew pure cultures ofAcanthamoeba. The most common bacterial pathogen isolated was Streptococcus pneumoniae, representing 44.3% of all positive bacterial cultures, followed by Pseudomonas spp (14.4%). The most common fungal pathogen isolated was Fusariumspp, representing 47.1% of all positive fungal cultures, followed by Aspergillus spp (16.1%). CONCLUSIONS Central corneal ulceration is a common problem in south India and most often occurs after a superficial corneal injury with organic material. Bacterial and fungal infections occur in equal numbers with Streptococcus pneumoniaeaccounting for the majority of bacterial ulcers and Fusariumspp responsible for most of the fungal infections. These findings have important public health implications for the treatment and prevention of corneal ulceration in the developing world.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0007-1161</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1468-2079</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/bjo.81.11.965</identifier><identifier>PMID: 9505820</identifier><identifier>CODEN: BJOPAL</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biological and medical sciences ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Corneal Ulcer - epidemiology ; Corneal Ulcer - etiology ; corneal ulceration ; developing world ; Diseases of cornea, anterior segment and sclera ; epidemiology ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - complications ; Eye Infections, Bacterial - epidemiology ; Eye Infections, Fungal - complications ; Eye Infections, Fungal - epidemiology ; Eye Injuries - complications ; Female ; Fusarium - isolation & purification ; Humans ; India - epidemiology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Medical sciences ; microbial keratitis ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmology ; Original articles - Clinical science ; Pseudomonas - isolation & purification ; Pseudomonas Infections - complications ; Risk Factors ; Streptococcal Infections - complications ; Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification ; Tropical medicine</subject><ispartof>British journal of ophthalmology, 1997-11, Vol.81 (11), p.965-971</ispartof><rights>British Journal of Ophthalmology</rights><rights>1998 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright: 1997 British Journal of Ophthalmology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b576t-eb555d23bb751e21b6abd9d94610b9bc94514de1a9aa8d4a04688a33678757b3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1722056/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1722056/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,881,27901,27902,53766,53768</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=2051594$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9505820$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Srinivasan, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzales, Christine A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>George, Celine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cevallos, Vicky</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mascarenhas, Jeena M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asokan, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkins, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smolin, Gilbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whitcher, John P</creatorcontrib><title>Epidemiology and aetiological diagnosis of corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India</title><title>British journal of ophthalmology</title><addtitle>Br J Ophthalmol</addtitle><description>AIMS/BACKGROUND To determine the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors predisposing to corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India, and to identify the specific pathogenic organisms responsible for infection. METHODS All patients with suspected infectious central corneal ulceration presenting to the ocular microbiology and cornea service at Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, from 1 January to 31 March 1994 were evaluated. Sociodemographic data and information pertaining to risk factors were recorded, all patients were examined, and corneal cultures and scrapings were performed. RESULTS In the 3 month period 434 patients with central corneal ulceration were evaluated. A history of previous corneal injury was present in 284 patients (65.4%). Cornea cultures were positive in 297 patients (68.4%). Of those individuals with positive cultures 140 (47.1%) had pure bacterial infections, 139 (46.8%) had pure fungal infections, 15 (5.1%) had mixed bacteria and fungi, and three (1.0%) grew pure cultures ofAcanthamoeba. The most common bacterial pathogen isolated was Streptococcus pneumoniae, representing 44.3% of all positive bacterial cultures, followed by Pseudomonas spp (14.4%). The most common fungal pathogen isolated was Fusariumspp, representing 47.1% of all positive fungal cultures, followed by Aspergillus spp (16.1%). CONCLUSIONS Central corneal ulceration is a common problem in south India and most often occurs after a superficial corneal injury with organic material. Bacterial and fungal infections occur in equal numbers with Streptococcus pneumoniaeaccounting for the majority of bacterial ulcers and Fusariumspp responsible for most of the fungal infections. These findings have important public health implications for the treatment and prevention of corneal ulceration in the developing world.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Age Distribution</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Corneal Ulcer - epidemiology</subject><subject>Corneal Ulcer - etiology</subject><subject>corneal ulceration</subject><subject>developing world</subject><subject>Diseases of cornea, anterior segment and sclera</subject><subject>epidemiology</subject><subject>Eye Infections, Bacterial - complications</subject><subject>Eye Infections, Bacterial - epidemiology</subject><subject>Eye Infections, Fungal - complications</subject><subject>Eye Infections, Fungal - epidemiology</subject><subject>Eye Injuries - complications</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fusarium - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>India - 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epidemiology</topic><topic>Corneal Ulcer - etiology</topic><topic>corneal ulceration</topic><topic>developing world</topic><topic>Diseases of cornea, anterior segment and sclera</topic><topic>epidemiology</topic><topic>Eye Infections, Bacterial - complications</topic><topic>Eye Infections, Bacterial - epidemiology</topic><topic>Eye Infections, Fungal - complications</topic><topic>Eye Infections, Fungal - epidemiology</topic><topic>Eye Injuries - complications</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fusarium - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>India - epidemiology</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Infant, Newborn</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>microbial keratitis</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Ophthalmology</topic><topic>Original articles - Clinical science</topic><topic>Pseudomonas - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Pseudomonas Infections - complications</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Streptococcal Infections - complications</topic><topic>Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Tropical medicine</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Srinivasan, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gonzales, Christine A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>George, Celine</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cevallos, Vicky</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mascarenhas, Jeena M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asokan, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wilkins, John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Smolin, Gilbert</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Whitcher, John P</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>BMJ Journals</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Health & Nursing</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>British journal of ophthalmology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Srinivasan, M</au><au>Gonzales, Christine A</au><au>George, Celine</au><au>Cevallos, Vicky</au><au>Mascarenhas, Jeena M</au><au>Asokan, B</au><au>Wilkins, John</au><au>Smolin, Gilbert</au><au>Whitcher, John P</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Epidemiology and aetiological diagnosis of corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India</atitle><jtitle>British journal of ophthalmology</jtitle><addtitle>Br J Ophthalmol</addtitle><date>1997-11-01</date><risdate>1997</risdate><volume>81</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>965</spage><epage>971</epage><pages>965-971</pages><issn>0007-1161</issn><eissn>1468-2079</eissn><coden>BJOPAL</coden><abstract>AIMS/BACKGROUND To determine the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors predisposing to corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India, and to identify the specific pathogenic organisms responsible for infection. METHODS All patients with suspected infectious central corneal ulceration presenting to the ocular microbiology and cornea service at Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, from 1 January to 31 March 1994 were evaluated. Sociodemographic data and information pertaining to risk factors were recorded, all patients were examined, and corneal cultures and scrapings were performed. RESULTS In the 3 month period 434 patients with central corneal ulceration were evaluated. A history of previous corneal injury was present in 284 patients (65.4%). Cornea cultures were positive in 297 patients (68.4%). Of those individuals with positive cultures 140 (47.1%) had pure bacterial infections, 139 (46.8%) had pure fungal infections, 15 (5.1%) had mixed bacteria and fungi, and three (1.0%) grew pure cultures ofAcanthamoeba. The most common bacterial pathogen isolated was Streptococcus pneumoniae, representing 44.3% of all positive bacterial cultures, followed by Pseudomonas spp (14.4%). The most common fungal pathogen isolated was Fusariumspp, representing 47.1% of all positive fungal cultures, followed by Aspergillus spp (16.1%). CONCLUSIONS Central corneal ulceration is a common problem in south India and most often occurs after a superficial corneal injury with organic material. Bacterial and fungal infections occur in equal numbers with Streptococcus pneumoniaeaccounting for the majority of bacterial ulcers and Fusariumspp responsible for most of the fungal infections. These findings have important public health implications for the treatment and prevention of corneal ulceration in the developing world.</abstract><cop>BMA House, Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9JR</cop><pub>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</pub><pmid>9505820</pmid><doi>10.1136/bjo.81.11.965</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adolescent Adult Age Distribution Aged Aged, 80 and over Biological and medical sciences Child Child, Preschool Corneal Ulcer - epidemiology Corneal Ulcer - etiology corneal ulceration developing world Diseases of cornea, anterior segment and sclera epidemiology Eye Infections, Bacterial - complications Eye Infections, Bacterial - epidemiology Eye Infections, Fungal - complications Eye Infections, Fungal - epidemiology Eye Injuries - complications Female Fusarium - isolation & purification Humans India - epidemiology Infant Infant, Newborn Male Medical sciences microbial keratitis Middle Aged Ophthalmology Original articles - Clinical science Pseudomonas - isolation & purification Pseudomonas Infections - complications Risk Factors Streptococcal Infections - complications Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification Tropical medicine |
title | Epidemiology and aetiological diagnosis of corneal ulceration in Madurai, south India |
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