Successful Management of Severe Dengue With Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report Highlighting Endoscopic Hemostasis

Dengue fever, caused by the dengue virus and transmitted by mosquitoes, poses a significant global health threat, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Severe cases can manifest as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shock syndrome, leading to complications such as plasma leakage, fluid accumulation, respiratory distress, severe bleeding, and organ impairment. Among these complications, gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is particularly concerning due to its potential to rapidly deteriorate the patient's condition. While endoscopic hemostasis is an effective intervention for controlling GI bleeding, its application in severe dengue cases is underreported. We present the case of a male in his late 30s with severe dengue complicated by GI bleeding. Despite resuscitative measures and blood component transfusions, his condition deteriorated, necessitating endoscopic intervention for hemostasis. Successful endoscopic therapy with clips and adrenaline achieved hemostasis, highlighting the efficacy of this approach in managing severe dengue-associated GI bleeding. Primary dengue virus infection typically presents as dengue fever, while a minority progresses to develop DHF, characterized by plasma leakage and severe bleeding. Prompt recognition and management are crucial in mitigating DHF-associated morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic intervention plays a vital role in localizing and controlling bleeding sources, as demonstrated in our case. Further research is warranted to elucidate optimal treatment strategies and long-term outcomes in this patient population.