Application of Liquid Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics to Investigate the Basal Chemical Profile of Olive Cultivars Differing in Verticillium dahliae Resistance

The limited effectiveness of current strategies to control Verticillium wilt of olive (VWO) prompts the need for innovative approaches. This study explores the basal metabolome of 43 olive cultivars with varying resistance levels to Verticillium dahliae, offering alternative insights for olive crossbreeding programmes. The use of an innovative UHPLC-ESI-TimsTOF MS/MS platform enabled the annotation of more than 70 compounds across different olive organs (root, stem, and leaf) and the creation of a preliminary compilation of TIMSCCSN2 experimental data for more reliable metabolite annotation. Moreover, it allowed the documentation of numerous isomeric species in the studied olive organs by resolving hidden compounds. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed significant metabolome variability between highly resistant and susceptible cultivars, which was further investigated through supervised PLS-DA. Key markers indicative of VWO susceptibility were annotated and characteristic compositional patterns were established. Stem tissue exhibited the highest discriminative capability, while root and leaf tissues also showed significant predictive potential.