The Growth and Decay of Intense GNSS Amplitude and Phase Scintillation During Non‐Storm Conditions

A multi‐instrument study is conducted at the dayside polar ionosphere to investigate the spatio‐temporal evolution of scintillation in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals during non‐storm conditions. Bursts of intense amplitude and phase scintillation started to occur at ∼ ${\sim} $ 9 MLT and persisted for more than 1 hour implying the simultaneous existence of Fresnel and large‐scale sized irregularities of significant strength in the pre‐noon sector. Measurements from the EISCAT radar in Svalbard (ESR) revealed the presence of dense plasma structures with significant gradients in regions of strong Joule heating/fast flows and soft precipitation when scintillation was enhanced. Plasma structuring down to Fresnel scales were observed both in the auroral oval as well as inside the polar cap with the associated amplitude scintillation exhibiting similar strengths regardless of whether the density structures were in regions of active auroral dynamics or not. The observations are placed within the context of different sources of free energy, providing insights into the important mechanisms that generate irregularities capable of perturbing GNSS signal properties in the dayside ionosphere. Furthermore, a strong negative excursion in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) By ${B}_{y}$ component during the northward turning of Bz ${B}_{z}$ led to the transport of a depleted region of plasma density into the post‐noon sector that significantly weakened both amplitude and phase scintillation. Plain Language Summary Ionospheric scintillation is a disturbance imposed by the ionosphere on radio signals of satellites in the form of rapid fluctuations in amplitude and phase. They are caused by electron density structures of varying sizes as they move across the path between a satellite signal and a ground based receiver. During strong scintillation, tracking signals become difficult thereby affecting technologies dependent on positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services. It is therefore important to understand dynamics of the ionosphere that would result in enhanced scintillation in order to develop prediction or mitigation strategies for products using PNT information. In this study, we present evidence for the occurrence of intense amplitude and phase scintillation during quite geomagnetic conditions in the high latitude ionosphere. Our analysis revealed that large density structures propagating from lower latitudes can be modulated by different io