Improving Interpretation Consistency of Serum Capillary Electrophoresis by Development of Quantitative Graphic Indexes

Capillary zone electrophoresis-immunosubtraction (CZE-IS) is an essential laboratory test in diagnosing plasma cell neoplasms. However, the current interpretation of the test results is subjective. To evaluate CZE-IS in a more precise manner, this study proposed five key indexes, namely sharpness index, light chain index, immunoglobulin G index, immunoglobulin A index, and immunoglobulin M index. The reference intervals of these indexes were established using CZE-IS curve data from a clinical laboratory of a referral medical center. A total of 1000 cases with normal electrophoretic patterns were sampled for reference intervals establishment, and an additional 20 cases were included for validation. The following reference intervals in the γ zone were established: 1-6 (sharpness index), 1.06-2.71 (light chain index), 37-454 (immunoglobulin G index), (-9)-41 (immunoglobulin A index), and (-16)-46 (immunoglobulin M index). For the β2 zone, the reference intervals were 3-17 (sharpness index), 0.44-1.90 (light chain index), (-7)-61 (immunoglobulin G index), 2-117 (immunoglobulin A index), and (-12)-35 (immunoglobulin M index). The diagnostic performance of reference intervals of the proposed indexes in validation ranged from 95% to 100%. CZE-IS indexes provide the objective quantification of key characteristics of CZE-IS curves and improve the precision of CZE-IS interpretation.