Stress response regulation of mRNA translation: Implications for antioxidant enzyme expression in cancer

From tumorigenesis to advanced metastatic stages, tumor cells encounter stress, ranging from limited nutrient and oxygen supply within the tumor microenvironment to extrinsic and intrinsic oxidative stress. Thus, tumor cells seize regulatory pathways to rapidly adapt to distinct physiologic conditio...

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Veröffentlicht in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2024-11, Vol.121 (46), p.e2317846121
Hauptverfasser: Kim, Yeon Soo, Kimball, Scot R, Piskounova, Elena, Begley, Thomas J, Hempel, Nadine
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container_start_page e2317846121
container_title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS
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creator Kim, Yeon Soo
Kimball, Scot R
Piskounova, Elena
Begley, Thomas J
Hempel, Nadine
description From tumorigenesis to advanced metastatic stages, tumor cells encounter stress, ranging from limited nutrient and oxygen supply within the tumor microenvironment to extrinsic and intrinsic oxidative stress. Thus, tumor cells seize regulatory pathways to rapidly adapt to distinct physiologic conditions to promote cellular survival, including manipulation of mRNA translation. While it is now well established that metastatic tumor cells must up-regulate their antioxidant capacity to effectively spread and that regulation of antioxidant enzymes is imperative to disease progression, relatively few studies have assessed how translation and the hijacking of RNA systems contribute to antioxidant responses of tumors. Here, we review the major stress signaling pathways involved in translational regulation and discuss how these are affected by oxidative stress to promote prosurvival changes that manipulate antioxidant enzyme expression. We describe how tumors elicit these adaptive responses and detail how stress-induced translation can be regulated by kinases, RNA-binding proteins, RNA species, and RNA modification systems. We also highlight opportunities for further studies focused on the role of mRNA translation and RNA systems in the regulation of antioxidant enzyme expression, which may be of particular importance in the context of metastatic progression and therapeutic resistance.
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subjects Animals
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - metabolism
Biological Sciences
Cell survival
Cellular stress response
Enzymes
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
Humans
Kinases
Metastases
Metastasis
mRNA
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - pathology
Oxidation resistance
Oxidative Stress
Protein Biosynthesis
RNA modification
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
RNA-binding protein
Signal Transduction
Translation
Tumor cells
Tumor microenvironment
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
title Stress response regulation of mRNA translation: Implications for antioxidant enzyme expression in cancer
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