Influence of Acute Inflammation on the Expression of Clock Genes in the Ovine Pars Tuberalis Under Different Photoperiodic Conditions

The (PT) plays an important role in the photoperiodic regulation of the secretory activity of the pituitary gland. Additionally, PT secretory activity may be influenced by the animal's immune status. The melatonin signal processing in PT cells occurs through the presence of melatonin receptors and the expression of molecular clock genes. This study aimed to define the effects of acute inflammation induced by intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression of clock genes in the PT of ewes under different photoperiodic conditions. Two analogous experiments were conducted in different photoperiods: short-day and long-day. Both experiments included 24 sheep divided into two groups: day (n = 12) and night (n = 12), further subdivided into a control group (n = 6) and a group treated with LPS (n = 6) at a dose of 400 ng/kg. Under short-day conditions, the expression of clock circadian regulator, basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 1, cryptochrome circadian regulator (CRY) 1, 2, and casein kinase 1 epsilon genes was lower during inflammation. LPS injection increased expression of the period circadian regulator 1 gene during the night. Under long-day conditions, CRY1 mRNA level was lower during the night, while diurnal CRY2 mRNA expression was decreased after LPS injection. Our results showed that inflammation disturbed the expression of molecular clock genes in the PT; however, this influence was partly dependent on photoperiod conditions.