Antigen-specific modulation of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in humanized mice by TCR-like antibody targeting autoreactive T-cell epitope

The development and application of human TCR-like (TCRL) antibodies recognizing disease-specific MHC-peptide complexes may prove as an important tool for basic research and therapeutic applications. Multiple sclerosis is characterized by aberrant CD4 T-cell response to self-antigens presented by MHC...

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Veröffentlicht in:Life science alliance 2025-01, Vol.8 (1), p.e202402996
Hauptverfasser: Goor, Alona, Altman, Efrat, Arman, Inbar, Erez, Shir, Haus-Cohen, Maya, Reiter, Yoram
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:The development and application of human TCR-like (TCRL) antibodies recognizing disease-specific MHC-peptide complexes may prove as an important tool for basic research and therapeutic applications. Multiple sclerosis is characterized by aberrant CD4 T-cell response to self-antigens presented by MHC class II molecules. This led us to select a panel of TCRL Abs targeting the immunodominant autoantigenic epitope MOG derived from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) presented on HLA-DR2, which is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS). We demonstrate that these TCRL Abs bind with high specificity to human HLA-DR2/MOG -derived MHC class II molecules and can detect APCs that naturally present the MS-associated autoantigen in the humanized EAE transgenic mouse model. The TCRL Abs can block ex vivo and in vivo CD4 T-cell proliferation in response to MOG stimulation in an antigen-specific manner. Most significantly, administration of TCRL Abs to MOG -induced EAE model in HLA-DR2 transgenic mice both prevents and regresses established EAE. TCRL function was associated with a reduction in autoreactive pathogenic T-cell infiltration into the CNS, along with modulation of activated CD11b+ macrophages/microglial APCs. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the combined action of TCRL Abs in blocking TCR-MHC interactions and modulating APC presentation and activation, leading to a profound antigen-specific inhibitory effect on the neuroinflammatory process, resulting in regression of EAE. Our study constitutes an in vivo proof of concept for the utility of TCR-like antibodies as antigen-specific immunomodulators for CD4-mediated autoimmune diseases such as MS, validating the importance of the TCR-MHC axis as a therapeutic target for various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
ISSN:2575-1077
2575-1077
DOI:10.26508/lsa.202402996