The Impact of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Inflammation Markers in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

This study aimed to investigate if remote ischemic preconditioning reduces the inflammatory process on patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We conducted a case-control study involving 80 patients, half of whom underwent ischemic preconditioning for severe coronary artery disease (CAD) and subsequently underwent CABG. We assessed interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 levels using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) using chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) using the turbidimetric method at three key time points: before surgery (visit 1 or V1), immediately postoperatively (visit 2 or V2), and 1 week postoperatively (visit 3 or V3) in all subjects. Ischemic preconditioned patients showed a significant decrease in proinflammatory markers (IL-1, IL-6) but not in CRP or hsTnI. This study demonstrated that remote ischemic preconditioning significantly reduced the levels of specific proinflammatory markers (IL-1 and IL-6), which may suggest general systemic protection. However, it did not demonstrate cardioprotection , as evidenced by the absence of a statistically significant decrease in hsTnI level.